D-2 Inc. has developed, tested, and now produced for field testing with Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution WHOI and the Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences BIOS a new version of D-2’s revolutionary flow through closed field conductivity cell.
This new version features even more precise conductivity measurement in initial testing. The new cell is now a straight line cell with nothing obstructing the flow of water through the cell, making it truly a closed field but also straight line flow through cell.



As shown in the above images, the new D-2 Conductivity Cell for measuring Ocean Salinity is a straight glass tube with annular electrodes. This means the two annular electrodes close the cell electrically creating a closed circuit in which the inductive cell measures the conductivity / salinity.
This allows the water to flow freely through the cell with no issues such as ice or debris getting caught in the cell as it is a straight glass tube as can be seen. The image above does have water droplets inside the cell as this unit was just calibrated before being photographed.
The initial testing with this cell redesign has shown improved precision, and improved water flow through the cell. This revolutionizes the industry because there can now be the precision of a closed field cell with the utility of an inductive free flowing cell.
Users can design this cell into any existing Ocean going platform and improve its precision, lower power consumption, and decrease the footprint of the sensor. D-2 sensors are significantly smaller size than any other closed field conductivity cells and they do not require a pump to operate unless the user wants one for biological or low flow reasons.

The Standard housing for the CTD (Conductivity, Temperature, & Depth sensor) is the above style casing, which we ship in the above carrying case for the device. This case protects the CTD from being damaged during shipment or whilst being stowed on board a vessel.Â
Custom foam inserts keep the unit from moving about during transit. These standard housings for the CTD come in Titanium (pictured) or Stainless Steel, or Aluminum.

This new CTD cell can be configured into OEM housings as well and added to any existing platform without the standard housing shown above. Contact D-2 for custom designs of the CTD or to go through the options for customers, aiming to design the best CTD possible for relevant applications.